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Inventory of mainland China among the world's super-heavy and high-tech industries column- Han Dynasty (157 BC - 87 BC)The essence of industrialization making machine. Who developed the more advanced machines, who represent strength is stronger, the financial resources of Viet vice versa a buy the machine, the country will never become a powerhouse. This is the principle of developing countries must keep in mind. Who forget this principle, who will be paid with their blood. Chinese people have never understood this truth, and therefore a lot of blood. This history is not far away from us now, when more than a billion people obsessed with making machine is bound to shake the whole world. Only create the world's most powerful war machine civilian machines and countries in order to climb the pinnacle of world food chain, Britain, France, Germany, Russia, the United States, the daily average is the case, China is also true that Chinese enterprises should do the same Remembering the past, do not forget the blood of our ancestors suffering once and can not be shed in vain lifeblood of our national state-owned enterprisesChina Second Heavy Machinery Group, is located 57 kilometers northeast of Chengdu, Sichuan Deyang City, was founded in October 13, 1958, formerly known as Southwest heavy machinery plant, in 1960 changed its name to the second heavy machinery plant, between 1950 and 1963, China's preparation Eight heavy machinery plant. Two heavy construction is divided into two projects, mobilizing tens of thousands of builders, composed by the more than 170 individual projects, which belong to the production plant, auxiliary plant, power facilities, storage facilities, transportation facilities, coking plants, refractory plants and a dozen Most. Which only have 436,000 square meters production workshop, the use of large-span reinforced concrete structure construction. 1954 imports from the Czech Republic a 1.2-ton free forging hydraulic press, 1960 shipped from heavy installation, machine pit to a depth of only 10 meters. 120 t open-hearth plant driving beam span of 36 meters and weighs 150 tons. 1971 Deyang two heavy fully put into operation, the plant covers an area of 2.69 square kilometers, consists of casting, forging, forging, metal structures, heavy machinery, gear, military, and other seven plants, and blacksmiths, technology and other 23 at , while Forging Institute, Institute of Heavy Machinery design, technology research and other research institutions. In large rolling, forging equipment, power station equipment and large castings and forgings artillery, aviation forging plant for the production direction of the past 54 years, Deyang two weight of heavy industry, with nearly 200 sets of key equipment, complete machine product yield 1.13 million tons, as thermal power, hydropower, nuclear power construction provides more than 200,000 megawatts of large castings and forgings. 1974 for the manufacture of the world's largest Gezhouba 170,000 kilowatts hydropower units Kaplan runner blades (rotor diameter 11.3 m) in 1978, special plate Wugang developed 4200mm hot strip mill, known as the Republic of meritorious mill . 1982 Chongqing Southwest Aluminum plant developed 10,000-ton multi-directional forging hydraulic press. 1987 Baosteel 2050mm hot strip mill two manufacturing. 1988 successfully developed the first fully automated forging production line - Changchun FAW 12,500 tons forging crankshaft front beam automatic production line. 2005 developed by Baosteel 5000mm heavy plate mill, is China's first 5 m level mill. 2006 Polish exports to 2250mm hot strip mill. 2008 built the world's largest 1.6-ton free forging hydraulic press. 2010 involved in the manufacture of the Three Gorges 700,000 kilowatts turbine runner. Has formed a smelting 900 tons of steel, 600 tons of vacuum casting ingot, foundry 500-ton steel castings, forgings forging 400-ton capacity Deyang two heavy forgings or China Airlines is one of the important production base, has 30 years of materials research and production experience, has for China's aviation industry with more than 40 ten thousand aviation forging parts, covering all domestic models. However, due to the lack of giant forging presses, two focusing on production of aviation titanium / aluminum alloy forgings, only small-sized hammer, forging hammer, forging difficult to process large size. 1973 China's first 30,000-ton forging press aluminum processing plant in the southwest, the Deyang double in 1976 had plans to develop a 6.5-ton forging press, and Tsinghua University launched a prototype development work. However, the reform and opening up, the program end in abortion. This stop is twenty years of engineering Period: 2007 - 2009Hunan Electric Group SF33900 Model 220 tons AC drive electric wheel dump truck, bicycle priced more than 20 million yuan. Car length 13.6 m, width 7.8 m, height 7.1 m, vehicle weight 166 tons, stowage compartment volume of 137 cubic meters, maximum load 220 tons. People only half the height of the tire is the world's largest coal, iron, nonferrous metals and rare earth producers, on a huge demand for mining machinery. However long time, due to weak industrial base, China's open pit mine project will require earth moving machinery mainly rely on imports. October 28, 2008, Hunan Power Group developed SF33900 type 220 tons AC drive electric wheel dump truck successful offline, marking China's mining vehicle to a new level. Hunan Electric Group has become the world's one of the few able to develop large mining vehicles, one open pit mine in the car is the main transportation equipment. Mining (including coal, iron, copper, rare earth, diamond, etc.) including underground mining and open pit mining two processes. 40% of the world's coal and 80% of the iron ore mined by open-pit methods. Mines prior to mining, the ore body is covered with a few tens of meters thick soil and rock, as well as on the total amount of up to tens of millions of tons. This requires the use of explosives for blasting overburden, so loose fragments; and power shovels and other mining machinery, earthwork excavation will be stripped to the transport vehicle from the muck dump truck to dump. Giant shovel has amazing efficiency, its bucket capacity exceeding 50 cubic meters per minute can be dug up hundreds of tons of earth and stone, the amount of digging up every few tons, ordinary trucks simply can not match the job. To this end, construction machinery manufacturers developed the world's largest and most expensive heavy vehicles - electric wheel dump truck dump truck compartment structure can be divided by a rigid rear dump the whole hopper and articulated; press drive can be divided into electric transmission and mechanical transmission (hydraulic transmission). 100-ton ore cars after unloading more rigid structure, small and medium sized vehicles mostly articulated structure, the overall hopper dominated by coal cars. Electric wheel technology emerged in the 1960s in the United States GE, 尤尼特瑞格, Germany's Siemens, Liebherr and other manufacturers, driven once occupied the entire market. Major works are: diesel driven generator, driving the rear wheel hub motor, high speed wheel motor through the outer planetary gear wheel reduce speed, driving the rear wheels forward. Mechanical transmission main places U.S. Caterpillar nearly 50 years, mechanical drive and electric drive competition has been very intense. The last century, 6070's, due to high-power devices such as the development of the torque converter does not pass, mechanical drive large-scale mining vehicles has been difficult. So the rise of electric wheel mining vehicles momentum, almost all occupied the 100-ton ore car market. Until 1983, the United States and Japan, Caterpillar 785 Komatsu HD 1200M type advent of mechanical transmission models only gradually into a 100-ton ore car market, but the market share is only 23% From the late 1980s onward, due to technological development and the company's large-scale American Allison torque converter successfully developed, mechanical drive models have developed rapidly, the current market share of 34 percent, major manufacturers are Caterpillar, its largest model 797F, has even reached 400 tons deadweight (363 tons), ranking the world's most mechanical models of development, forcing the electric wheel models escalating. From the late 1980s, computer control, vehicle fault diagnosis, automatic speed adjustment, diesel fuel injection technologies such as electric wheel models are widely used. The late 1990s, with the AC frequency control technology and the advent of high-power inverters, electric wheel mining truck has entered the era of cross-AC direct drive. Komatsu in 1996 International Exposition in Chicago, exhibited's first cross-930E AC drive type mine car, this model is the world's first load of 300 tons of models, AC torque control system, the maximum speed for the 64.5km / h. In addition, Euclid Hitachi cooperation with Siemens, in 1997, introduced the R260 model (now EH4500 type) AC AC drive electric wheel dump truck mine, and in 1998 put into commercial production since 1963, the United States began mass load 77 tons Since the electric wheel dump truck, mining truck load of rising; has developed 108 tons, 120 tons, 154 tons, 170 tons, 220 tons, 280 tons, 320 tons, 360 tons and so many levels. Annual ore production megaton small mines, the use of 2570-ton models; annual production capacity of 5,001,000 tons of medium-sized mines, the use of 100,220-ton models; annual output of 1,000 tons of large-scale mining, the use of 150 360-ton models. Recent years with the expanding mining, large tonnage mining vehicles onto the market these giant automobile, steel moves like castles, vehicle price up to $ 4,000,000 or more. Body width of nearly 10 meters, the equivalent of five cars driving side by side; height of nearly 800 meters, equivalent to three-storey building. Empty weight over 230 tons, the maximum load of up to 363 tons, 34 shovel shovel to use its full. Because mine car is too large, beyond the limits of road load, it is also known as off-highway vehicles. They can only be shipped to a loose mine, assembled at the mine dedicated road. We see every day, compared with earthmoving vehicles, like the difference between table tennis and basketball large mining vehicles and equipment 24-cylinder diesel engine, weighing more than 10 tons, displacement of more than 100 liters, with a total power of more than 3,700 horsepower, enough to pull a train . So much power, fuel consumption naturally alarming. Their nearly 900 liters hundred kilometers, fuel tank capacity of up to 7500 liters or more. The ordinary family car 100 km fuel consumption of only 10 liters, fuel tank capacity is only 60 liters. They are the world's largest tire giant tire, individual tire weighing 5 tons or more, more than four meters in diameter, priced at nearly $ 50,000, you need to use specialized machinery to handling tires. As the body is too high, the sight of the cab big blind. Pickup truck traveling in the mining area, small vehicles like Jeep, it must tie in the rear flagpole, hang red; large mining vehicles to alert the driver, to prevent crushing accidents. It is said that when the mine car run over by a car, I feel like people walking stepped on a pebble, the driver is difficult to distinguish whether the RCC to other vehicles in addition, mining trucks have to adapt to extreme environments, coalfields in northern China, the Canadian oil sands in northern tundra, winter temperatures are around minus 40. While Australia's iron ore, gold mine in South Africa, year round in hot climates. In such an extreme environment, a properly maintained the mine car, working life to reach more than 60,000 hours (about 1520), each year millions of tons of ore to be transported or peeling earth. These extreme harsh conditions on the mine car's reliability, security, economy raised very high requirements, the development process involves structural design, metallurgy and welding, electrical control, hydraulic technology, giant tire manufacturing, new materials and other fields , called the essence of modern industrial technology. Therefore, only a handful of companies worldwide to develop more than 200-ton mining vehicles. Hunan Electric Group is the first powerful enterprises have this cradle of Chinese mechanical and electrical industryXiangtan Electric Group (referred to Hunan Electric Group, English XEMC) is one of China's large motor, the factory is located in Xiangtan xiashesi, covers an area of 2.29 square kilometers, has a staff of 1.5 million people. The main products include all kinds of large and medium AC motors, DC traction motors, electronic control equipment, mining electric locomotives, electric wheel dump trucks and other 20 categories, nearly one thousand varieties Hunan Electric Group, formerly known as 1936 to create a central electrical equipment plant. This is China's first large-scale mechanical and electrical enterprises, known as the cradle of Chinese electrical industry. 1930s, the Republic government unrest, industrial development is slow, wires, switches, transformers and other electrical products, the vast majority rely on imports. March 1936, the National Government Resources Committee has developed a heavy industry development plan, approved in July. The main contents are the introduction of foreign capital and technology, five years to invest 270 million yuan, the construction of more than 30 seats owned industrial and mining enterprises; and electrical industry as the focus of development by Yun Zhen, who is responsible to build the Central Electrical Equipment Factory. At that time, the Japanese invading army has taken control of the Northeast and North China, the Preparatory Committee decided to plant in the inland areas away from the war. In Hunan, the site selection process of exploration, actually, and Yun Shou Zhen found across the river with Xiangtan county agricultural land suitable xiashesi plant. Here verge of Xiangjiang River waterway, the land has Yuehan, Zhejiang-Jiangxi two railways, and a long scale, Beijing, Yunnan two highways; North through Hankou, east of Anhui and Jiangxi, South Guangzhou, Guilin, west of Chongqing, Guiyang, water and land transportation is very facilities, is ideal for the plant. Finalized, the next xiashesi 10,022.5 acres of land purchase, construction, Central Iron and Steel Plant, the Central Machine-Building Plant, Central Electrical Equipment Factory and its services Xiangjiang River power plants. Another plant in the central radio broadcasting communications equipment, central electrical porcelain insulating porcelain and other products produced in 1937 77, the Japanese launched a comprehensive war against China, the Kuomintang troops a collapse Trinidad, southern hinterland precarious. Electrical Equipment Factory was forced to move to the center of Kunming and Guilin, Chongqing and Lanzhou in the construction branch, during the war, mainly the production of batteries, light bulbs and other products. 1945 After the victory, the Central Electrical Equipment Factory Head Office moved from Kunming, Nanjing, set up around the plant, including Shanghai Electric Cable Plant, Xiangtan Electrical Machinery Plant, integrated plant in Tianjin, Shenyang Electric Factory, Hankou battery factory, Kunming motor Cable Factory, Chongqing battery bulb factory, Nanjing Electric Factory, Nanjing Electronic Tube Factory Preparatory Office, etc. 9 factories; and establishment of a central cable plant in Nanjing. Central radio factory original move Guilin winter of 1944 moved to Chongqing, Kunming plant after the merger, set up factories in Nanjing. Central Electric Porcelain Factory Yibin moved to Nanjing. These plants become the initial stage of electromechanical major industrial enterprises in 1945 with the U.S. Central Electrical Equipment Factory Westinghouse Electric Company and Morgan? Smith turbine company, signed a technical cooperation agreement, respectively. In September, 78 people selected to go to America to study turbine, turbines, generators, motors, electrical control and other aspects of technology. September 1947, to return home in America, who was later to become the new leader of China Electrical Equipment Industry. April 1, 1948, the Central Electrical Equipment Factory One plant broke ground. July 1, the central electrical equipment factory reorganization, the formal establishment Resource Committee for the Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd. Xiangtan Electrical Machinery Plant in August 1949, Changsha, Xiangtan Electrical Machinery Plant was taken over military control, then the whole plant has a staff of 535 people, machinery and equipment 255, building area of 24,996 square meters, the output value of 408,000 yuan. 1953 renamed the First Ministry of Machine Xiangtan Electrical Machinery Plant, included in the national 156 key construction projects, the construction of marine electrical workshop, and has become the electrical industry to develop new products base. From the 1960s onwards, Xiangtan Electrical Machinery Plant of China's iron and steel, metallurgy, transportation, petrochemical, power, military and other departments, providing a large number of electrical equipment. 1980 among the 500 largest industrial enterprises, in March 1997, the restructuring of Xiangtan electricity.
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